Land + Control
El puerto que España tenía amarrado
Puerto Rico's legal commerce was locked to Spain, Sevilla/Cadiz, and San Juan while contraband became a survival economy.
Receipt Spine
- EnciclopediaPR summarizes that seventeenth- and eighteenth-century legal commerce was limited to Spain, through Sevilla and later Cadiz, from San Juan.
- Contraband became the principal exchange system because the official route did not meet the island needs.
- The public receipt separates the legal lock from the practical survival routes.